I don't think it matters either way for a simple page. If you are just talking index.htm vs index.php with no variables (ie no ?mode=reply.... type stuff) then no difference either way SEO wise.
HOWEVER - if the PHP Page is something like:
http://www.webmasterforum.com.au/posting.php?mode=reply&f=27&t=88 (the page i'm on)
vs
http://www.webmasterforum.com.au/Search-Engines-and-SEO/Google/SEO/Webpage-extension-html-or-php-importance-in-seo.html (made up address - it won't work)
this would be a lot better. Not because of php vs html itself, but because variables with numbers are not as good for SEO as words.
If your site is dynamically generated using variables (as this one is) you can use a thing called mod_rewrite in the .htaccess file to internally rewrite everything to SEO friendly URL's. It is however VERY difficult even for most programmers as the syntax is quite complex. On the other hand programs like wordpress have SEO plugins that do basically just that, written by clever people who understand such things. For custom sites though, it's a big job!
Hope this helps
Matt
Marketing Web________________________________________
Some sites I'm working on currently:
Lawn Mowing AlburyLaser Treatment AlburyPromotional ProductsResourcing ChangeChristian DatingSteel Cattle Yards